Chào mừng Quí Khách đã đến với Anh Ngữ Cho Người Việt Rê chuột vào ►Facebook Anh Ngữ Cho Người Việt◄ Rê chuột vào ►Facebook Sân Chơi Anh Ngữ Cho Người Việt◄ Rê chuột vào ►Blogger Anh Ngữ Cho Người Việt◄ Rê chuột vào ►Blogger Mỗi Ngày Một Chuyện◄ Rê chuột vào ►Weebly Gia Đình Anh Ngữ Cho Người Việt◄Rê chuột vào Subject-verb Agreement - Sự Phù Hợp Giữa Chủ Ngữ & Động Từ Hi There! Subject-verb Agreement là sự Phù Hợp Giữa Chủ Ngữ & Động Từ. Nếu chủ ngữ ở hình thức số nhiều, động từ ở số nhiều. Nếu chủ ngữ ở số ít, động từ ở số ít. Sự thêm SỐ này phải thích ứng với chủ ngữ - Phần lớn động từ ở hiện tại đơn đều được thêm -s phía sau khi đi với chủ ngữ là ngôi thứ 3 số ít. Danh từ không đếm được, danh động tử, và mệnh đề làm chủ ngữ đều là các chủ ngữ số ít...

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Watch the subject-verb agreement in your sentences when...

• When the subject follows the verb
• When words like "each" are the subject
• When words like "none" are the subject
• When the subjects are joined by "and"
• When singular subjects are joined by words like "or"
• When one subject is singular and one plural
• When a linking verb is used
• When a collective noun is used
• When a relative pronoun is used as a subject of an adjective clause

When the subject follows the verb

When the subject follows the verb (especially in sentences beginning with the expletives "there is" or "there are"), special care is needed to determine the subject and to make certain that the verb agrees with it.

• On the wall were several posters.
• There are many possible candidates.
• There is only one good candidate.

When words like "each" are the subject

When used as subjects, words such as

• each, either, neither
• another
• anyone, anybody, anything
• someone, somebody, something
• one, everyone
• everybody, everything
• no one, nobody, nothing

take singular verbs.

Do not be confused by prepositional phrases which come between a subject and its verb. They do not change the number of the subject.

• Each takes her turn at rowing.
• Neither likes the friends of the other.
• Everyone in the fraternity has his own set of prejudices.
• Each of the rowers takes her turn at rowing.
• Every one of the fraternity members has his own set of prejudices.

When words like "none" are the subject

Other words such as

• none, any, all
• more, most, some

may take either singular or plural verbs, depending on the context.

• Some of the dollar was spent.
• Some of the dollars were spent.

[Note: here the prepositional phrase does affect the subject. It tells you whether you are talking about a part of one thing (singular) or about a number of things (plural).]

When the subjects are joined by "and"

Subjects joined by "and" take plural verbs.

Be aware: phrases such as "in addition to," "as well as," and "along with" do not mean the same thing as "and." When inserted between the subject and the verb, these phrases do not change the number of the subject.

• Both Tom and Jane have English 167 papers due on Tuesday.
• Tom, as well as Jane, has an English 207 paper due Tuesday.

When singular subjects are joined by words like "or"

Singular subjects joined by "or," "nor," "either . . . or," or "neither. . . nor" take a singular verb.

• Either the man or his wife knows the truth of the matter.
• Neither money nor power was important any longer.

When one subject is singular and one plural

If one subject is singular and one is plural, the verb agrees with the nearer subject.

• Neither the television nor the radios work.
• Neither the radios nor the television works.

When a linking verb is used

A linking verb ("is," "are," "was," "were," "seem" and others) agrees with its subject, not its complement.

• Joe's favorite dessert is blueberry muffins.
• Blueberry muffins are Joe's favorite dessert.

When a collective noun is used

When regarded as a unit, collective nouns, as well as noun phrases denoting quantity, take singular verbs.

• The whole family is active.
  (Family is a collective noun regarded as a unit.)
  
  
• The family have met their various obligations.
  (The individuals of the family are regarded separately.)
  
  
• A thousand bushels is a good yield.
  a quantity or unit)
  
  
• A thousand bushels were crated.
(individual bushels)

When a relative pronoun is used as a subject of an adjective clause

A relative pronoun ("who," "which," or "that") used as a subject of an adjective clause takes either a singular or plural verb in order to agree with its antecedent.

• A vegetable that contains DDT can be harmful.
  (Adjective clause modifying the singular noun "vegetable.")
  
  
• Vegetables that contain DDT can be harmful.
  (Adjective clause modifying the plural noun "vegetables.")
  
  
• Mary is one of the students who have done honor to the college.
  (Adjective clause modifies the plural noun "students." "Students" is the antecedent of "who."
  
  
In the above sentence Mary is just one of the students. So at least two students have done honor to the college.

Compare that to:

Mary is the only one of our students who has achieved national recognition.

In this case, "one," not "students," is the antecedent of "who."

Compare to the sentence above:

Of all our students, Mary is the only one who has achieved national recognition.

Các Qui Luật của Subject-verb Agreement

Qui Luật 1 Two singular subjects connected by or or nor require a singular verb. Ví du: My aunt or my uncle is arriving by train today. Qui Luật 3 Two singular subjects connected by either/or or neither/nor require a singular verb as in Rule 1 Ví du: Neither Juan nor Carmen is available. Either Kiana or Casey is helping today with stage decorations. Qui Luật 5 When I is one of the two subjects connected by either/or or neither/nor, put it second and follow it with the singular verb am. Ví du: Neither she nor I am going to the festival. Qui Luật 7 When a singular subject is connected by or or nor to a plural subject, put the plural subject last and use a plural verb. Ví du: The serving bowl or the plates go on that shelf. Qui Luật 9 When a singular and plural subject are connected by either/or or neither/nor, put the plural subject last and use a plural verb. Ví du: Neither Jenny nor the others are available. Qui Luật 10 As a general rule, use a plural verb with two or more subjects when they are connected by and. Ví du: A car and a bike are my means of transportation. Qui Luật 12 Sometimes the subject is separated from the verb by words such as along with, as well as, besides, or not. Ignore these expressions when determining whether to use a singular or plural verb. Ví du: The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly. Excitement, as well as nervousness, is the cause of her shaking. Qui Luật 14 The pronouns each, everyone, every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, and somebody are singular and require singular verbs. Do not be misled by what follows of. Ví du: Each of the girls sings well. Every one of the cakes is gone. NOTE: Everyone is one word when it means everybody. Every one is two words when the meaning is each one.	Qui Luật 2 The expression the number is followed by a singular verb while the expression a number is followed by a plural verb. Ví du: The number of people we need to hire is thirteen. A number of people have written in about this subject. Qui Luật 4 When either and neither are subjects, they always take singular verbs. Ví du: Neither of them is available to speak right now. Either of us is capable of doing the job. Qui Luật 6 The words here and there have generally been labeled as adverbs even though they indicate place. In sentences beginning with here or there, the subject follows the verb. Ví du: There are four hurdles to jump. There is a high hurdle to jump. Qui Luật 8 Use a singular verb with sums of money or periods of time. Ví du: Ten dollars is a high price to pay. Five years is the maximum sentence for that offense. Qui Luật 11 Sometimes the pronoun who, that, or which is the subject of a verb in the middle of the sentence. The pronouns who, that, and which become singular or plural according to the noun directly in front of them. So, if that noun is singular, use a singular verb. If it is plural, use a plural verb. Ví du: Salma is the scientist who writes/write the reports. The word in front of who is scientist, which is singular. Therefore, use the singular verb writes. He is one of the men who does/do the work. The word in front of who is men, which is plural. Therefore, use the plural verb do. Qui Luật 13 Collective nouns such as team and staff may be either singular or plural depending on their use in the sentence. Ví du: The staff is in a meeting. Staff is acting as a unit here. The staff are in disagreement about the findings. The staff are acting as separate individuals in this example. The sentence would read even better as: The staff members are in disagreement about the findings.
Qui Luật 15 With words that indicate portions—percent, fraction, part, majority, some, all, none, remainder, and so forth —look at the noun in your of phrase (object of the preposition) to determine whether to use a singular or plural verb. If the object of the preposition is singular, use a singular verb. If the object of the preposition is plural, use a plural verb. Ví du: Fifty percent of the pie has disappeared. Pie is the object of the preposition of. Fifty percent of the pies have disappeared. Pies is the object of the preposition. One-third of the city is unemployed. One-third of the people are unemployed. NOTE: Hyphenate all spelled-out fractions. All of the pie is gone. All of the pies are gone. Some of the pie is missing. Some of the pies are missing. None of the garbage was picked up. None of the sentences were punctuated correctly. Of all her books, none have sold as well as the first one. NOTE: Apparently, the SAT testing service considers none as a singular word only. However, according to Merriam Webster's Dictionary of English Usage, "Clearly none has been both singular and plural since Old English and still is. The notion that it is singular only is a myth of unknown origin that appears to have arisen in the 19th century. If in context it seems like a singular to you, use a singular verb; if it seems like a plural, use a plural verb. Both are acceptable beyond serious criticism" (p. 664).

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Cập nhập lần cuối cùng lúc 8:30h ngày 30 tháng 12 2012
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